Thursday, January 31, 2008

Acetylcholine

U.S. BRAND NAMES — Miochol®-E
CANADIAN BRAND NAMES — Miochol®-E
THERAPEUTIC CATEGORY Cholinergic Agent, OphthalmicOphthalmic Agent, Miotic
DOSING — Ophthalmic: Adults: Instill 0.5-2 mL of 1% injection (5-20 mg)
(For additional information see "Acetylcholine: Drug information")
DOSAGE FORMS — Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Powder for solution, intraocular, as chloride: Miochol®-E: 1:100 [20 mg; packaged with diluent (2 mL)]
GENERIC AVAILABLE — No
ADMINISTRATION — Ophthalmic: Instill into anterior chamber before or after securing one or more sutures; instillation should be gentle and parallel to the iris face and tangential to the pupil border; in cataract surgery, acetylcholine should be used only after delivery of the lens
USE — Produces complete miosis in cataract surgery, keratoplasty, iridectomy and other anterior segment surgery where rapid miosis is required
ADVERSE REACTIONS Cardiovascular: Transient bradycardia and hypotension
Central nervous system: Headache
Ocular: Iris atrophy, temporary lens opacities (attributed to osmotic effect of 5% mannitol present in preparation)
Respiratory: Dyspnea
Miscellaneous: Diaphoresis
CONTRAINDICATIONS — Hypersensitivity to acetylcholine chloride or any component; acute iritis and acute inflammatory disease of the anterior chamber
PRECAUTIONS — Systemic effects rarely occur, but can cause problems for patients with acute CHF, bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer, hyperthyroidism, GI spasm, and urinary tract obstruction
WARNINGS — Open under aseptic conditions only
DRUG INTERACTIONS — Flurbiprofen decreases effectiveness; sodium nitrate antagonizes acetylcholine's effects
PREGNANCY RISK FACTOR — C (show table)
STABILITY — Prepare solution immediately before use; do not use solution which is not clear and colorless
MECHANISM OF ACTION — Causes contraction of the sphincter muscles of the iris, resulting in miosis and contraction of the ciliary muscle, leading to accommodation
PHARMACODYNAMICS Onset of action: Miosis occurs promptly
Duration: ~10-20 minutes
Posted by at
Labels: ,

No comments:

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

Infomed Drug Guide

The information contained in the "Infomed Drug Guide" is aimed at medical professionals and students of medicine and pharmacology. All of the data has been carefully compiled and checked, however, errors may occur. These errors may also result due to changes that have taken place in the medical sciences since the publication of the Drug Guide in 1994/2008, and cannot be excluded. In case of doubt, readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources before a drug is prescribed. Non-professionals should be aware that the "Infomed Drug Guide" does not seek to replace professional medical advice and/or treatment. Neither Infomed, nor the authors, claim that the information is in every respect accurate or complete. As a result, neither can be held responsible for any errors or omissions, or for any consequences resulting from the use of such information.

Search Medicine